ACETOHEXAMIDE
Acetohexamide is a sulfonylurea that stimulates pancreatic insulin release, lowering blood glucose in type 2 diabetes. Benefits include reliable glycemic control. Risks include hypoglycemia, weight gain, GI disturbances, and hypersensitivity reactions. Caution is needed in elderly or renally impaired patients.
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Product Description
Mechanism of action
Acetohexamide is a first‑generation sulfonylurea oral hypoglycaemic agent. It stimulates insulin secretion from functioning pancreatic beta cells by binding to the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR1) component of ATP‑sensitive potassium channels, causing channel closure, membrane depolarisation, calcium influx and insulin release.
Benefits and advantages
Acetohexamide has been used in type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve fasting and postprandial blood glucose control when diet and exercise alone are insufficient. Its long clinical history and well‑characterised pharmacology make it a reference compound in diabetology research and formulation science.
Side effects and risks
The major risk is hypoglycaemia, which can be severe and prolonged, particularly in elderly patients or those with renal or hepatic impairment. Other adverse effects include weight gain, gastrointestinal upset, hyponatraemia and, rarely, haematological reactions or hypersensitivity. Careful patient selection, education and monitoring are essential in therapeutic use. The API is potent and should be handled under appropriate industrial safety standards.
Datasheet
| Molecular Formula | C15H20N2O4S |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 324.4 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 968-81-0 |
| Storage Condition | Store in a cool, dry place. Keep container tightly closed. Protect from moisture and light. |
| Solubility | less than 1 mg/mL at 64 °F (NTP, 1992) |
| Purity | Purity information is available upon request (COA). |
| Synonym | acetohexamide; 968-81-0; Dymelor; Acetohexamid; Dimelor |
| IUPAC/Chemical Name | 1-(4-acetylphenyl)sulfonyl-3-cyclohexylurea |
| InChl Key | VGZSUPCWNCWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChl Code | InChI=1S/C15H20N2O4S/c1-11(18)12-7-9-14(10-8-12)22(20,21)17-15(19)16-13-5-3-2-4-6-13/h7-10,13H,2-6H2,1H3,(H2,16,17,19) |
| References |
3D Conformer.
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