PICROTOXIN
Picrotoxin is a GABAA receptor antagonist that stimulates the CNS and can induce seizures; it is used mainly in research. Side effects include convulsions, tremors, anxiety, respiratory distress, and narrow therapeutic index leading to toxicity. Only GMP materials will be supplied, logistics all according to GDP.
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Product Description
Mechanism of Action
PICROTOXIN demonstrates a broad, multilayer biochemical activity profile affecting enzymedriven catalytic pathways, receptorregulated signalling systems, mitochondrial bioenergetics, redoxstate equilibrium, ionchannel behaviour, cytoskeletal integrity and transcriptionfactor regulatory networks. Its structural features indicate potential interactions with catalytic residues, allosteric protein domains, membranebound receptors and intracellular signalling intermediates, enabling influence over phosphorylation kinetics, Ca²⁺/cAMP/IP/DAGmediated secondmessenger systems, ATP turnover, ROS buffering and mitochondrial respiratorychain performance.
Depending on concentration and biological conditions, PICROTOXIN may modulate metabolic flux distribution, alter mitochondrial membrane potential, influence chromatin accessibility, impact vesicular trafficking dynamics and reshape geneexpression patterns relevant to survival, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, metabolic adaptation and redoxstress response.
Benefits and Advantages
This compound is widely used across advanced biochemical, pharmacological and mechanistic research domains, including:
- Receptorligand interaction studies and affinitymapping
- Enzymekinetic pathway deconstruction and catalyticdomain profiling
- Mitochondrialfunction analysis and ATPflux/oxidativestress modelling
- Multiomics integration (transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, phosphoproteomics)
- Cytoskeletalstructure and membranedynamics research
- Autophagy, apoptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis signalling investigations
- SAR (structureactivity relationship) profiling and compoundoptimisation workflows
- Pharmacodynamic modelling, thresholdactivation mapping and doseresponse scaling
Side Effects and Risks
Laboratoryobserved or predicted risks include:
- Oxidative imbalance and excessive ROS accumulation
- Mitochondrial overload or respiratorychain suppression
- Dysregulation of Na⁺/K⁺/Ca²⁺ ionchannel homeostasis
- Unintended receptor crosstalk or inhibitory interference
- Cytoskeletal destabilisation and membrane-integrity disruption
- Dosedependent cytotoxicity with apoptosis/autophagy activation
- Transcriptional instability or epigenetic disturbance
- Inflammatory signalling activation via NF-κB, MAPK or JNK pathways
Use strictly within controlled laboratory environments under appropriate biosafety protocols.
Only GMP materials will be supplied, logistics all according to GDP.
Datasheet
| Molecular Formula | C30H34O13 |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 602.6 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 124-87-8 |
| Storage Condition | Protect from light. |
| Solubility | Solubility depends on solvent and conditions (e.g., pH). Please contact us for solvent-specific guidance. |
| Purity | Purity information is available upon request (COA). |
| Synonym | PICROTOXIN; Cocculin; Cocculus; Picrotoxinum; Oriental berry |
| IUPAC/Chemical Name | (1R,3R,5S,8S,13R,14S)-1-hydroxy-14-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-13-methyl-4,7,10-trioxapentacyclo[6.4.1.19,12.03,5.05,13]tetradecane-6,11-dione;(1R,5S,8S,13R,14R)-1-hydroxy-13-methyl-14-prop-1-en-2-yl-4,7,10-trioxapentacyclo[6.4.1.19,12.03,5.05,13]tetradecane-6,11-dione |
| InChl Key | VJKUPQSHOVKBCO-ZTYBEOBUSA-N |
| InChl Code | InChI=1S/C15H18O7.C15H16O6/c1-12(2,18)6-7-10(16)20-8(6)9-13(3)14(7,19)4-5-15(13,22-5)11(17)21-9;1-5(2)7-8-11(16)19-9(7)10-13(3)14(8,18)4-6-15(13,21-6)12(17)20-10/h5-9,18-19H,4H2,1-3H3;6-10,18H,1,4H2,2-3H3/t5-,6+,7?,8?,9-,13-,14-,15+;6?,7-,8?,9?,10+,13+,14+,15-/m10/s1 |
| References |
3D Conformer.
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