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Product Description
Mechanism of action
Amitriptyline hydrochloride is a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) whose primary mechanism involves potent inhibition of the neuronal reuptake transporters for serotonin (SERT) and norepinephrine (NET). This increases synaptic monoamine concentrations within central neural circuits regulating mood, nociception and arousal. Beyond reuptake blockade, amitriptyline demonstrates high affinity antagonism at muscarinic M₁–M₅ receptors, histamine H₁ receptors, α₁-adrenergic receptors and certain voltage-gated sodium channels. These interactions contribute to its sedative, analgesic and membrane-stabilising effects.
Benefits and advantages
Amitriptyline is widely used in research into neuropathic pain, chronic migraine, sleep modulation and monoamine regulation. Its multimodal receptor profile makes it an important benchmark compound for differentiating peripheral and central analgesic pathways. Its profound anticholinergic and antihistaminic properties also allow comparison studies in receptor-binding pharmacology.
Side effects and risks
Amitriptyline is associated with classic TCA risks including conduction abnormalities via sodium-channel blockade, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic burden (dry mouth, urinary retention, confusion), reduced seizure threshold and risk of cardiac arrhythmias at overdose. Laboratory exposure must be minimised due to CNS-active potency.
Datasheet
| Molecular Formula | C20H24ClN |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 313.9 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 549-18-8 |
| Storage Condition | Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Recommended storage temperature: 2 – 8 °C. Keep in a dry place. /Amitriptyline hydrochloride/ |
| Solubility | >47.1 [ug/mL] (The mean of the results at pH 7.4) |
| Purity | Purity information is available upon request (COA). |
| Synonym | Amitriptyline hydrochloride; 549-18-8; Amitriptyline HCl; Syneudon; Etravil |
| IUPAC/Chemical Name | N,N-dimethyl-3-(2-tricyclo[9.4.0.03,8]pentadeca-1(15),3,5,7,11,13-hexaenylidene)propan-1-amine;hydrochloride |
| InChl Key | KFYRPLNVJVHZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChl Code | InChI=1S/C20H23N.ClH/c1-21(2)15-7-12-20-18-10-5-3-8-16(18)13-14-17-9-4-6-11-19(17)20;/h3-6,8-12H,7,13-15H2,1-2H3;1H |
| References |
3D Conformer.
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