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Product Description
Mechanism of action
Amiloride hydrochloride is a potassium-sparing diuretic that acts on epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) in the late distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct of the nephron. By blocking these channels on the luminal membrane, it reduces sodium reabsorption and decreases the electrical gradient that drives potassium and hydrogen ion secretion, thereby promoting mild natriuresis while conserving potassium.
Benefits and advantages
Amiloride is used to counteract hypokalaemia induced by thiazide or loop diuretics and to provide additional antihypertensive or anti-oedematous effects in combination regimens. It can also be part of the management of conditions with abnormal ENaC activity, such as Liddle syndrome, under specialist supervision.
Side effects and risks
The principal risk is hyperkalaemia, which can be severe and life-threatening, particularly in patients with renal impairment, diabetes or concomitant use of ACE inhibitors, ARBs or other potassium-sparing agents. Other adverse effects include gastrointestinal disturbances, headache and, rarely, hypersensitivity reactions. Clinical use requires monitoring of serum electrolytes and renal function. In raw-material form, amiloride HCl should be handled in accordance with standard precautions for active diuretic substances.
Professional use only. Supplied exclusively to licensed manufacturers and institutions.
Datasheet
| Molecular Formula | C6H9Cl2N7O |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 266.09 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 2016-88-8 |
| Storage Condition | Store in a cool, dry place. Keep container tightly closed. Protect from moisture and light. |
| Solubility | less than 1 mg/mL at 67.1 °F (NTP, 1992) |
| Purity | Purity information is available upon request (COA). |
| Synonym | 2016-88-8; Amiloride chloride; Amiloride hydrochloride anhydrous; CCRIS 5959; Amiloride Hydrochloride, Anhydrous |
| IUPAC/Chemical Name | 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxamide; hydrochloride |
| InChl Key | FQXMWVQNHJGENO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChl Code | InChI=1S/C6H8ClN7O.ClH/c7-2-4(9)13-3(8)1(12-2)5(15)14-6(10)11;/h(H4,8,9,13)(H4,10,11,14,15);1H |
| References |
3D Conformer.
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